awesoommeee guilt trippppp:"Avoiding network downtime is important for a number of reasons, not least of which is the amount of money that downtime can cost. Some quick ''back of the envelope'' calculations can show how expensive network downtime can be. Let's assume that there are 1,000 users of the network at the Amalgamated Widget Company, and that their average annual salary including all overhead (benefits, pension, etc.) is $75,000. That comes to $75 million a year in employee costs. Let's further assume that everyone in the company depends on the network to get their work done, and that the network is used 40 hours a week, for about 50 weeks of the year (excluding holidays). That's 2,000 hours of network operation. Dividing the annual employee cost by the hours of network operation shows that the network is supporting $37,500 per hour of employee cost during the year." full duplex mode is both sending and recieving simultaneously auto-negotiation is when an ethernet cable is plugged in and a link is automatically established. MAC - media access control "An essential truth of networking is that a network system can never be better than its cabling. "